Alnus glutinosa
Black Alder
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Black Alder (Alnus glutinosa) - Description
A. glutinosa is a black alder tree native to Europe, North Africa, and Asia. It does not grow as fast as A. rhombifolia, but it is best as a multistemmed tree, which can grow to heights of 70 feet tall and 30 feet wide. It bears roundish, 2 to 4 inch dark green toothed leaves.
Black Alder (Alnus glutinosa) - Blooming
Male flowers are tassel-like and yellow that are borne on bare stems. Female flowers produce woody cones. Followed by cone-like fruits.
Black Alder (Alnus glutinosa) - Growth
Deciduous trees and shrubsVery fast growing tree that can tolerate full sun or shade. Can reach as tall as 90 ft. tall (A. rhombifolia). Different species have high tolerances for different types of weather: tenuifolia has extreme hardiness to cold, whereas rhombifolia has high tolerance to wind and heat. Alnus is often used in repopulating land because of its tolerance of poor, wet soils. A. cordata, A. incana, and A. rubra are fast-growing trees that are often planted as windbreaks. Some alders grow well when planted near water, such as A. rubra.
Black Alder (Alnus glutinosa) - Planting
Propagate from the seed. Sow in a seedbed when seeds are ripe. Can also propagate from hardwood cuttings in winter. Bud during the summer.
Black Alder (Alnus glutinosa) - Pest
Tent caterpillars, borers.
Black Alder (Alnus glutinosa) - Interesting facts
Alder is found mainly in the New World and south along the Andes towards Argentina. The catkins, or flowers, of Alder are edible, and high in protein, although they have a bitter taste. Alder bark is said to have anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties. The bark of Alder is also used in manufacturing furniture, electric guitar bodies, and in traditional cooking when smoking fish and meat. Alnus is a fast-growing and tough plant, and can grow in damaged areas such as mining sites. Alders have a symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria that take atmospheric nitrogen and convert it into a soil soluble form. In this way, Alder benefits not only itself, but also other neighboring plants by enhancing the soil fertility around it.
Black Alder (Alnus glutinosa) - Soil and irrigation
Needs ample water. Can even tolerate temporary flooding, and grows well near waterways. Does well in medium rich, well-drained to wet soil. A. cordata and A. incana bear dry soils.
